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The region is generally known as the "toe" of the "boot" of Italy and is a long and narrow peninsula which stretches from north to south for 248 km (154 mi), with a maximum width of 110 km (68 mi).

After the Roman conquest of the region, the name was used for the entire Italian peninsula and eventually the Alpine region too. Over time the Greeks started to use it for the rest of the southern Italian peninsula as well. The modern name Italy derives from Italia, which was first used as a name for the southern part of modern Calabria. Even though the Calabrian part of the duchy was conquered by the Longobards during the eighth and ninth centuries AD, the Byzantines continued to use the name Calabria for their remaining territory in Bruttium. Later in the seventh century AD, the Byzantine Empire created the Duchy of Calabria from the Salento and the Ionian part of Bruttium.

By this time modern Calabria was still known as Bruttium, after the Bruttians who inhabited the region. The whole region of Apulia received the name Regio II Apulia et Calabria. In the late first century BC this name came to extend to the entirety of the Salento, when the Roman emperor Augustus divided Italy into regions. Starting in the third century BC, the name Calabria was originally given to the Adriatic coast of the Salento peninsula in modern Apulia. In antiquity the name Calabria referred, not as in modern times to the toe, but to the heel tip of Italy, from Tarentum southwards, a region nowadays known as Salento. The Pollino National Park with 192,565 ha is the largest national park in the country and ranks among the 50 largest in the world.Ĭalabria was the first region to take the name of Italy, as well as the founder of the homonymous name, since it was inhabited by the Italics. Calabria is the 14th most productive region in the country. Catanzaro is the region's capital, while Reggio Calabria is the most populous city in the region. With almost 2 million residents across a total area of approximately 15,222 square kilometres (5,877 sq mi), it is the tenth populous and the tenth-largest Italian region by area. It is bordered by Basilicata to the north, the Gulf of Taranto to the east, the Ionian Sea to the south, the Strait of Messina to the southwest, which separates it from Sicily, and the Tyrrhenian Sea to the west. Calabria ( US: /- ˈ l eɪ b-, - ˈ l ɑː b-/ ), is a region in Southern Italy.